TestRvsdgs.cpp

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/*
 * Copyright 2020 Nico Reißmann <nico.reissmann@gmail.com>
 * See COPYING for terms of redistribution.
 */
 
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/CallingConvention.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/alloca.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/call.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/ConversionOperations.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/GetElementPtr.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/IntegerOperations.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/lambda.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/Load.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/MemoryStateOperations.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/operators.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/StdLibIntrinsicOperations.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/ir/operators/Store.hpp>
#include <jlm/llvm/TestRvsdgs.hpp>
#include <jlm/rvsdg/gamma.hpp>
#include <jlm/rvsdg/theta.hpp>
 
namespace jlm::llvm
{
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
StoreTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto fcttype =
      rvsdg::FunctionType::Create({ MemoryStateType::Create() }, { MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*fct->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
  auto d = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
  auto c = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
  auto b = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
  auto a = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
 
  auto merge_d = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ d[1], fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0] });
  auto merge_c =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ c[1], merge_d }));
  auto merge_b =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ b[1], merge_c }));
  auto merge_a =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ a[1], merge_b }));
 
  auto a_amp_b = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(a[0], b[0], { merge_a }, 4);
  auto b_amp_c = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(b[0], c[0], { a_amp_b[0] }, 4);
  auto c_amp_d = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(c[0], d[0], { b_amp_c[0] }, 4);
 
  fct->finalize({ c_amp_d[0] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /* extract nodes */
 
  this->lambda = fct;
 
  this->size = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*constantOne);
 
  this->alloca_a = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*a[0]);
  this->alloca_b = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*b[0]);
  this->alloca_c = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*c[0]);
  this->alloca_d = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*d[0]);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
StoreTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto fcttype =
      rvsdg::FunctionType::Create({ MemoryStateType::Create() }, { MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*fct->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
  auto a = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
  auto b = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
  auto x = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
  auto y = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
  auto p = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
 
  auto merge_a = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ a[1], fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0] });
  auto merge_b =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ b[1], merge_a }));
  auto merge_x =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ x[1], merge_b }));
  auto merge_y =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ y[1], merge_x }));
  auto merge_p =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ p[1], merge_y }));
 
  auto x_amp_a = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(x[0], a[0], { merge_p }, 4);
  auto y_amp_b = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(y[0], b[0], { x_amp_a[0] }, 4);
  auto p_amp_x = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(p[0], x[0], { y_amp_b[0] }, 4);
  auto p_amp_y = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(p[0], y[0], { p_amp_x[0] }, 4);
 
  fct->finalize({ p_amp_y[0] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /* extract nodes */
 
  this->lambda = fct;
 
  this->size = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*constantOne);
 
  this->alloca_a = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*a[0]);
  this->alloca_b = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*b[0]);
  this->alloca_x = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*x[0]);
  this->alloca_y = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*y[0]);
  this->alloca_p = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*p[0]);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
LoadTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto intType = BitType::Create(32);
  auto fcttype = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { intType, MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath("LoadTest1.c"), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto ld1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0],
      { fct->GetFunctionArguments()[1] },
      pointerType,
      4);
  auto ld2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(ld1[0], { ld1[1] }, intType, 4);
 
  fct->finalize(ld2);
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /* extract nodes */
 
  this->lambda = fct;
 
  this->load_p = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*ld1[0]);
  this->load_x = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*ld2[0]);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
LoadTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto fcttype =
      rvsdg::FunctionType::Create({ MemoryStateType::Create() }, { MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*fct->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
  auto a = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
  auto b = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
  auto x = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
  auto y = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
  auto p = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
 
  auto merge_a = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ a[1], fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0] });
  auto merge_b =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ b[1], merge_a }));
  auto merge_x =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ x[1], merge_b }));
  auto merge_y =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ y[1], merge_x }));
  auto merge_p =
      MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ p[1], merge_y }));
 
  auto x_amp_a = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(x[0], a[0], { merge_p }, 4);
  auto y_amp_b = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(y[0], b[0], x_amp_a, 4);
  auto p_amp_x = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(p[0], x[0], y_amp_b, 4);
 
  auto ld1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(p[0], p_amp_x, pointerType, 4);
  auto ld2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(ld1[0], { ld1[1] }, pointerType, 4);
  auto y_star_p = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(y[0], ld2[0], { ld2[1] }, 4);
 
  fct->finalize({ y_star_p[0] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /* extract nodes */
 
  this->lambda = fct;
 
  this->size = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*constantOne);
 
  this->alloca_a = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*a[0]);
  this->alloca_b = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*b[0]);
  this->alloca_x = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*x[0]);
  this->alloca_y = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*y[0]);
  this->alloca_p = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*p[0]);
 
  this->load_x = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*ld1[0]);
  this->load_a = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*ld2[0]);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
LoadFromUndefTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto & rvsdg = rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  Lambda_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto undefValue = UndefValueOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), pointerType);
  auto loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      undefValue,
      { Lambda_->GetFunctionArguments()[0] },
      jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
      4);
 
  Lambda_->finalize(loadResults);
  GraphExport::Create(*Lambda_->output(), "f");
 
  /*
   * Extract nodes
   */
  UndefValueNode_ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*undefValue);
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
GetElementPtrTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto structType =
      StructType::CreateIdentified({ BitType::Create(32), BitType::Create(32) }, false);
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto fcttype = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*fct->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
  auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*fct->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
  auto gepx =
      GetElementPtrOperation::create(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0], { zero, zero }, structType);
  auto ldx = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      gepx,
      { fct->GetFunctionArguments()[1] },
      jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
      4);
 
  auto gepy =
      GetElementPtrOperation::create(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0], { zero, one }, structType);
  auto ldy = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepy, { ldx[1] }, jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), 4);
 
  auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *ldx[0], *ldy[0]).output(0);
 
  fct->finalize({ sum, ldy[1] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->lambda = fct;
 
  this->getElementPtrX = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*gepx);
  this->getElementPtrY = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*gepy);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
BitCastTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto fcttype = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create({ PointerType::Create() }, { PointerType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto cast = BitCastOperation::create(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0], pointerType);
 
  fct->finalize({ cast });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  // Assign nodes
  this->lambda = fct;
  this->bitCast = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*cast);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
Bits2PtrTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto setupBit2PtrFunction = [&]()
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "bit2ptr", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto valueArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto cast = IntToPtrOperation::create(valueArgument);
 
    lambda->finalize({ cast, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambda, rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*cast));
  };
 
  auto setupTestFunction = [&](rvsdg::Output * b2p)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto valueArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto cvbits2ptr = lambda->AddContextVar(*b2p).inner;
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        cvbits2ptr,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*b2p).GetOperation().Type(),
        { valueArgument, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    lambda->finalize(
        { &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(call), &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call) });
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), "testfct");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambda, &call);
  };
 
  auto [lambdaBits2Ptr, bitsToPtrNode] = setupBit2PtrFunction();
  auto [lambdaTest, callNode] = setupTestFunction(lambdaBits2Ptr->output());
 
  // Assign nodes
  this->LambdaBits2Ptr_ = lambdaBits2Ptr;
  this->LambdaTest_ = lambdaTest;
 
  this->BitsToPtrNode_ = bitsToPtrNode;
 
  this->CallNode_ = callNode;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
ConstantPointerNullTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto fcttype = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto constantPointerNullResult =
      ConstantPointerNullOperation::createNode(*fct->subregion()).output(0);
  auto st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0],
      constantPointerNullResult,
      { fct->GetFunctionArguments()[1] },
      4);
 
  fct->finalize({ st[0] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->lambda = fct;
  this->constantPointerNullNode = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*constantPointerNullResult);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
CallTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupF = [&]()
  {
    auto pt = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(),
          PointerType::Create(),
          IOStateType::Create(),
          MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument1 = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto pointerArgument2 = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
 
    auto ld1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        pointerArgument1,
        { memoryStateArgument },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
    auto ld2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        pointerArgument2,
        { ld1[1] },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *ld1[0], *ld2[0]).output(0);
 
    lambda->finalize({ sum, iOStateArgument, ld2[1] });
 
    return lambda;
  };
 
  auto SetupG = [&]()
  {
    auto pt = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(),
          PointerType::Create(),
          IOStateType::Create(),
          MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "g", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument1 = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto pointerArgument2 = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
 
    auto ld1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        pointerArgument1,
        { memoryStateArgument },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
    auto ld2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        pointerArgument2,
        { ld1[1] },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto diff = IntegerSubOperation::createNode(32, *ld1[0], *ld2[0]).output(0);
 
    lambda->finalize({ diff, iOStateArgument, ld2[1] });
 
    return lambda;
  };
 
  auto SetupH = [&](rvsdg::LambdaNode * f, rvsdg::LambdaNode * g)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "h", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto cvf = lambda->AddContextVar(*f->output()).inner;
    auto cvg = lambda->AddContextVar(*g->output()).inner;
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto x = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto y = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto z = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
 
    auto mx = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ x[1], memoryStateArgument }));
    auto my = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ y[1], mx }));
    auto mz = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ z[1], my }));
 
    auto five = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 5 }).output(0);
    auto six = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 6 }).output(0);
    auto seven = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 7 }).output(0);
 
    auto stx = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(x[0], five, { mz }, 4);
    auto sty = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(y[0], six, { stx[0] }, 4);
    auto stz = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(z[0], seven, { sty[0] }, 4);
 
    auto & callF = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        cvf,
        f->GetOperation().Type(),
        { x[0], y[0], iOStateArgument, stz[0] });
    auto & callG = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        cvg,
        g->GetOperation().Type(),
        { z[0],
          z[0],
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callF),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callF) });
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *callF.output(0), *callG.output(0)).output(0);
 
    lambda->finalize({ sum,
                       &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callG),
                       &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callG) });
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), "h");
 
    auto allocaX = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*x[0]);
    auto allocaY = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*y[0]);
    auto allocaZ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*z[0]);
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambda, allocaX, allocaY, allocaZ, &callF, &callG);
  };
 
  auto lambdaF = SetupF();
  auto lambdaG = SetupG();
  auto [lambdaH, allocaX, allocaY, allocaZ, callF, callG] = SetupH(lambdaF, lambdaG);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->lambda_f = lambdaF;
  this->lambda_g = lambdaG;
  this->lambda_h = lambdaH;
 
  this->alloca_x = allocaX;
  this->alloca_y = allocaY;
  this->alloca_z = allocaZ;
 
  this->CallF_ = callF;
  this->CallG_ = callG;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
CallTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupCreate = [&]()
  {
    auto pt32 = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "create", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto valueArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto four = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 4 }).output(0);
    auto prod = IntegerMulOperation::createNode(32, *valueArgument, *four).output(0);
 
    auto & mallocNode = MallocOperation::createNode(*prod, *iOStateArgument);
    auto cast = BitCastOperation::create(&MallocOperation::addressOutput(mallocNode), pt32);
    auto mx = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector({ &MallocOperation::memoryStateOutput(mallocNode), memoryStateArgument }));
 
    lambda->finalize({ cast, &MallocOperation::ioStateOutput(mallocNode), mx });
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambda, &mallocNode);
  };
 
  auto SetupDestroy = [&]()
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "destroy", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto cast = BitCastOperation::create(pointerArgument, pointerType);
    auto & freeNode = FreeOperation::createNode(*cast, *iOStateArgument, { memoryStateArgument });
 
    lambda->finalize({ &FreeOperation::getIOStateOutput(freeNode),
                       &*FreeOperation::memoryStateOutputs(freeNode).begin() });
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambda, &freeNode);
  };
 
  auto SetupTest = [&](rvsdg::LambdaNode * lambdaCreate, rvsdg::LambdaNode * lambdaDestroy)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto create_cv = lambda->AddContextVar(*lambdaCreate->output()).inner;
    auto destroy_cv = lambda->AddContextVar(*lambdaDestroy->output()).inner;
 
    auto six = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 6 }).output(0);
    auto seven = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 7 }).output(0);
 
    auto & create1 = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        create_cv,
        lambdaCreate->GetOperation().Type(),
        { six, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
    auto & create2 = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        create_cv,
        lambdaCreate->GetOperation().Type(),
        { seven,
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(create1),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(create1) });
 
    auto & destroy1 = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        destroy_cv,
        lambdaDestroy->GetOperation().Type(),
        { create1.output(0),
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(create2),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(create2) });
    auto & destroy2 = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        destroy_cv,
        lambdaDestroy->GetOperation().Type(),
        { create2.output(0),
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(destroy1),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(destroy1) });
 
    lambda->finalize({ &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(destroy2),
                       &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(destroy2) });
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambda, &create1, &create2, &destroy1, &destroy2);
  };
 
  auto [lambdaCreate, mallocNode] = SetupCreate();
  auto [lambdaDestroy, freeNode] = SetupDestroy();
  auto [lambdaTest, callCreate1, callCreate2, callDestroy1, callDestroy2] =
      SetupTest(lambdaCreate, lambdaDestroy);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->lambda_create = lambdaCreate;
  this->lambda_destroy = lambdaDestroy;
  this->lambda_test = lambdaTest;
 
  this->malloc = mallocNode;
  this->free = freeNode;
 
  this->CallCreate1_ = callCreate1;
  this->CallCreate2_ = callCreate2;
 
  this->CallDestroy1_ = callDestroy1;
  this->CallDestroy2_ = callDestroy2;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
IndirectCallTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto constantFunctionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupConstantFunction = [&](ssize_t n, const std::string & name)
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(constantFunctionType, name, Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, n }).output(0);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ constant, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
  };
 
  auto SetupIndirectCallFunction = [&]()
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "indcall", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto functionOfPointer =
        rvsdg::CreateOpNode<PointerToFunctionOperation>({ pointerArgument }, constantFunctionType)
            .output(0);
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionOfPointer,
        constantFunctionType,
        { iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto SetupTestFunction =
      [&](rvsdg::Output * fctindcall, rvsdg::Output * fctthree, rvsdg::Output * fctfour)
  {
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto fctindcall_cv = lambda->AddContextVar(*fctindcall).inner;
    auto fctfour_cv = lambda->AddContextVar(*fctfour).inner;
    auto fctthree_cv = lambda->AddContextVar(*fctthree).inner;
 
    auto & call_four = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        fctindcall_cv,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*fctindcall).GetOperation().Type(),
        { fctfour_cv, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
    auto & call_three = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        fctindcall_cv,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*fctindcall).GetOperation().Type(),
        { fctthree_cv,
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(call_four),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call_four) });
 
    auto add =
        IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *call_four.output(0), *call_three.output(0)).output(0);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ add,
                                           &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(call_three),
                                           &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call_three) });
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call_three, &call_four);
  };
 
  auto fctfour = SetupConstantFunction(4, "four");
  auto fctthree = SetupConstantFunction(3, "three");
  auto [fctindcall, callIndirectFunction] = SetupIndirectCallFunction();
  auto [fcttest, callFunctionThree, callFunctionFour] = SetupTestFunction(
      fctindcall,
      rvsdg::CreateOpNode<FunctionToPointerOperation>({ fctthree }, constantFunctionType).output(0),
      rvsdg::CreateOpNode<FunctionToPointerOperation>({ fctfour }, constantFunctionType).output(0));
 
  /*
   * Assign
   */
  this->LambdaThree_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*fctthree);
  this->LambdaFour_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*fctfour);
  this->LambdaIndcall_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*fctindcall);
  this->LambdaTest_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*fcttest);
 
  this->CallIndcall_ = callIndirectFunction;
  this->CallThree_ = callFunctionThree;
  this->CallFour_ = callFunctionFour;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
IndirectCallTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto constantFunctionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupG1 = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &graph->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "g1",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    return &delta->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupG2 = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &graph->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "g2",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
 
    return &delta->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupConstantFunction = [&](ssize_t n, const std::string & name)
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(constantFunctionType, name, Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, n }).output(0);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ constant, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
  };
 
  auto functionIType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto SetupI = [&]()
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionIType, "i", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        rvsdg::CreateOpNode<PointerToFunctionOperation>({ pointerArgument }, constantFunctionType)
            .output(0),
        constantFunctionType,
        { iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto SetupIndirectCallFunction = [&](ssize_t n,
                                       const std::string & name,
                                       rvsdg::Output & functionI,
                                       rvsdg::Output & argumentFunction)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, name, Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto functionICv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionI).inner;
    auto argumentFunctionCv = lambda->AddContextVar(argumentFunction).inner;
    auto argumentFunctionPtr = rvsdg::CreateOpNode<FunctionToPointerOperation>(
                                   { argumentFunctionCv },
                                   constantFunctionType)
                                   .output(0);
 
    auto five = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, n }).output(0);
    auto storeNode =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(pointerArgument, five, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionICv,
        functionIType,
        { argumentFunctionPtr, iOStateArgument, storeNode[0] });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto SetupTestFunction = [&](rvsdg::Output & functionX,
                               rvsdg::Output & functionY,
                               rvsdg::Output & globalG1,
                               rvsdg::Output & globalG2)
  {
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto functionXCv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionX).inner;
    auto functionYCv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionY).inner;
    auto globalG1Cv = lambda->AddContextVar(globalG1).inner;
    auto globalG2Cv = lambda->AddContextVar(globalG2).inner;
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto pxAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto pyAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
 
    auto pxMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ pxAlloca[1], memoryStateArgument });
    auto pyMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ pyAlloca[1], pxMerge }));
 
    auto & callX = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionXCv,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(functionX).GetOperation().Type(),
        { pxAlloca[0], iOStateArgument, pyMerge });
 
    auto & callY = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionYCv,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(functionY).GetOperation().Type(),
        { pyAlloca[0],
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callX),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callX) });
 
    auto loadG1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        globalG1Cv,
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callY) },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
    auto loadG2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        globalG2Cv,
        { loadG1[1] },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *callX.output(0), *callY.output(0)).output(0);
    sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *sum, *loadG1[0]).output(0);
    sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *sum, *loadG2[0]).output(0);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ sum,
                                           &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callY),
                                           &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callY) });
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &callX,
        &callY,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*pxAlloca[0])),
        jlm::util::assertedCast<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*pyAlloca[0])));
  };
 
  auto SetupTest2Function = [&](rvsdg::Output & functionX)
  {
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test2", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto pzAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto pzMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ pzAlloca[1], memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto functionXCv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionX).inner;
 
    auto & callX = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionXCv,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(functionX).GetOperation().Type(),
        { pzAlloca[0], iOStateArgument, pzMerge });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&callX));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "test2");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &callX,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<jlm::rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*pzAlloca[0])));
  };
 
  auto deltaG1 = SetupG1();
  auto deltaG2 = SetupG2();
  auto lambdaThree = SetupConstantFunction(3, "three");
  auto lambdaFour = SetupConstantFunction(4, "four");
  auto [lambdaI, indirectCall] = SetupI();
  auto [lambdaX, callIWithThree] = SetupIndirectCallFunction(5, "x", *lambdaI, *lambdaThree);
  auto [lambdaY, callIWithFour] = SetupIndirectCallFunction(6, "y", *lambdaI, *lambdaFour);
  auto [lambdaTest, testCallX, callY, allocaPx, allocaPy] =
      SetupTestFunction(*lambdaX, *lambdaY, *deltaG1, *deltaG2);
  auto [lambdaTest2, test2CallX, allocaPz] = SetupTest2Function(*lambdaX);
 
  /*
   * Assign
   */
  this->DeltaG1_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaG1);
  this->DeltaG2_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaG2);
  this->LambdaThree_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaThree);
  this->LambdaFour_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaFour);
  this->LambdaI_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaI);
  this->LambdaX_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaX);
  this->LambdaY_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaY);
  this->LambdaTest_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaTest);
  this->LambdaTest2_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaTest2);
 
  this->IndirectCall_ = indirectCall;
  this->CallIWithThree_ = callIWithThree;
  this->CallIWithFour_ = callIWithFour;
  this->TestCallX_ = testCallX;
  this->Test2CallX_ = test2CallX;
  this->CallY_ = callY;
 
  this->AllocaPx_ = allocaPx;
  this->AllocaPy_ = allocaPy;
  this->AllocaPz_ = allocaPz;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
ExternalCallTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto functionGType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(),
        PointerType::Create(),
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto SetupFunctionGDeclaration = [&]()
  {
    return &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
        *rvsdg,
        functionGType,
        "g",
        Linkage::externalLinkage,
        llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  };
 
  auto SetupFunctionF = [&](jlm::rvsdg::RegionArgument * functionG)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(),
          PointerType::Create(),
          IOStateType::Create(),
          MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pathArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto modeArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
 
    auto functionGCv = lambda->AddContextVar(*functionG).inner;
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto allocaPath = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
    auto allocaMode = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
 
    auto mergePath = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaPath[1], memoryStateArgument });
    auto mergeMode = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ allocaMode[1], mergePath }));
 
    auto storePath =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaPath[0], pathArgument, { mergeMode }, 4);
    auto storeMode =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaMode[0], modeArgument, { storePath[0] }, 4);
 
    auto loadPath = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaPath[0], storeMode, pointerType, 4);
    auto loadMode =
        LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaMode[0], { loadPath[1] }, pointerType, 4);
 
    auto & callG = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionGCv,
        functionGType,
        { loadPath[0], loadMode[0], iOStateArgument, loadMode[1] });
 
    lambda->finalize(outputs(&callG));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), "f");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambda, &callG);
  };
 
  this->ExternalGArgument_ = SetupFunctionGDeclaration();
  auto [lambdaF, callG] = SetupFunctionF(ExternalGArgument_);
 
  this->LambdaF_ = lambdaF;
  this->CallG_ = callG;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
ExternalCallTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto & rvsdg = rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto structType = StructType::CreateIdentified(
      "myStruct",
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), PointerType::Create(), PointerType::Create() },
      false);
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  VariableArgumentType varArgType;
  auto lambdaLlvmLifetimeStartType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(64),
        PointerType::Create(),
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaLlvmLifetimeEndType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(64),
        PointerType::Create(),
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaFType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaGType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      {
          IOStateType::Create(),
          MemoryStateType::Create(),
      });
 
  auto llvmLifetimeStart = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaLlvmLifetimeStartType,
      "llvm.lifetime.start.p0",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  auto llvmLifetimeEnd = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaLlvmLifetimeEndType,
      "llvm.lifetime.end.p0",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  ExternalFArgument_ = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaFType,
      "f",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
 
  // Setup function g()
  LambdaG_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(lambdaGType, "g", Linkage::externalLinkage));
  auto iOStateArgument = LambdaG_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
  auto memoryStateArgument = LambdaG_->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
  auto llvmLifetimeStartArgument = LambdaG_->AddContextVar(*llvmLifetimeStart).inner;
  auto llvmLifetimeEndArgument = LambdaG_->AddContextVar(*llvmLifetimeEnd).inner;
  auto lambdaFArgument = LambdaG_->AddContextVar(*ExternalFArgument_).inner;
 
  auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 64, 1 }).output(0);
  auto twentyFour = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 64, 24 }).output(0);
 
  auto allocaResults = AllocaOperation::create(structType, constantOne, 16);
  auto memoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaResults[1], memoryStateArgument });
 
  auto & callLLvmLifetimeStart = CallOperation::CreateNode(
      llvmLifetimeStartArgument,
      lambdaLlvmLifetimeStartType,
      { twentyFour, allocaResults[0], iOStateArgument, memoryState });
 
  CallF_ = &CallOperation::CreateNode(
      lambdaFArgument,
      lambdaFType,
      { allocaResults[0],
        &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callLLvmLifetimeStart),
        &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callLLvmLifetimeStart) });
 
  auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 64, 0 }).output(0);
  auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
  auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
 
  auto gepResult1 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(allocaResults[0], { zero, one }, structType);
  auto loadResults1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      gepResult1,
      { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(*CallF_) },
      pointerType,
      8);
  auto loadResults2 =
      LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(loadResults1[0], { loadResults1[1] }, pointerType, 8);
 
  auto gepResult2 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(allocaResults[0], { zero, two }, structType);
  auto loadResults3 =
      LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepResult2, { loadResults2[1] }, pointerType, 8);
  auto loadResults4 =
      LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(loadResults1[0], { loadResults3[1] }, pointerType, 8);
 
  auto storeResults1 =
      StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(loadResults1[0], loadResults4[0], { loadResults4[1] }, 8);
 
  auto loadResults5 =
      LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepResult2, { storeResults1[0] }, pointerType, 8);
  auto storeResults2 =
      StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(loadResults5[0], loadResults2[0], { loadResults5[1] }, 8);
 
  auto & callLLvmLifetimeEnd = CallOperation::CreateNode(
      llvmLifetimeEndArgument,
      lambdaLlvmLifetimeEndType,
      { twentyFour,
        allocaResults[0],
        &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(*CallF_),
        storeResults2[0] });
 
  LambdaG_->finalize(outputs(&callLLvmLifetimeEnd));
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
GammaTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pt = PointerType::Create();
  auto fcttype = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        PointerType::Create(),
        PointerType::Create(),
        PointerType::Create(),
        PointerType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*fct->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
  auto biteq = IntegerEqOperation::createNode(32, *fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0], *zero).output(0);
  auto & predicateNode = MatchOperation::CreateNode(*biteq, { { 0, 1 } }, 0, 2);
 
  auto gammanode = GammaNode::create(predicateNode.output(0), 2);
  auto p1ev = gammanode->AddEntryVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[1]);
  auto p2ev = gammanode->AddEntryVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[2]);
  auto p3ev = gammanode->AddEntryVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[3]);
  auto p4ev = gammanode->AddEntryVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[4]);
 
  auto tmp1 = gammanode->AddExitVar({ p1ev.branchArgument[0], p3ev.branchArgument[1] });
  auto tmp2 = gammanode->AddExitVar({ p2ev.branchArgument[0], p4ev.branchArgument[1] });
 
  auto ld1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      tmp1.output,
      { fct->GetFunctionArguments()[5] },
      jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
      4);
  auto ld2 =
      LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(tmp2.output, { ld1[1] }, jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), 4);
  auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *ld1[0], *ld2[0]).output(0);
 
  fct->finalize({ sum, ld2[1] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->lambda = fct;
  this->gamma = gammanode;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
GammaTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupLambdaF = [&]()
  {
    auto SetupGamma = [](rvsdg::Output * predicate,
                         rvsdg::Output * xAddress,
                         rvsdg::Output * yAddress,
                         rvsdg::Output * zAddress,
                         rvsdg::Output * memoryState)
    {
      auto gammaNode = rvsdg::GammaNode::create(predicate, 2);
 
      auto gammaInputX = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(xAddress);
      auto gammaInputY = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(yAddress);
      auto gammaInputZ = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(zAddress);
      auto gammaInputMemoryState = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(memoryState);
 
      // gamma subregion 0
      auto loadXResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
          gammaInputX.branchArgument[0],
          { gammaInputMemoryState.branchArgument[0] },
          jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
          4);
 
      auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(0), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
      auto storeZRegion0Results = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
          gammaInputZ.branchArgument[0],
          one,
          { loadXResults[1] },
          4);
 
      // gamma subregion 1
      auto loadYResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
          gammaInputY.branchArgument[1],
          { gammaInputMemoryState.branchArgument[1] },
          jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
          4);
 
      auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(1), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
      auto storeZRegion1Results = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
          gammaInputZ.branchArgument[1],
          two,
          { loadYResults[1] },
          4);
 
      // finalize gamma
      auto gammaOutputA = gammaNode->AddExitVar({ loadXResults[0], loadYResults[0] });
      auto gammaOutputMemoryState =
          gammaNode->AddExitVar({ storeZRegion0Results[0], storeZRegion1Results[0] });
 
      return std::make_tuple(gammaOutputA.output, gammaOutputMemoryState.output);
    };
 
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
          PointerType::Create(),
          PointerType::Create(),
          IOStateType::Create(),
          MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto cArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto xArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto yArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[4];
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto allocaZResults = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
 
    auto memoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaZResults[1], memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto nullPointer = ConstantPointerNullOperation::createNode(*lambda->subregion()).output(0);
    auto storeZResults =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaZResults[0], nullPointer, { memoryState }, 4);
 
    auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
    auto & intEq = IntegerEqOperation::createNode(32, *cArgument, *zero);
    auto & predicateNode = MatchOperation::CreateNode(*intEq.output(0), { { 0, 1 } }, 0, 2);
 
    auto [gammaOutputA, gammaOutputMemoryState] =
        SetupGamma(predicateNode.output(0), xArgument, yArgument, allocaZResults[0], memoryState);
 
    auto loadZResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        allocaZResults[0],
        { gammaOutputMemoryState },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *gammaOutputA, *loadZResults[0]).output(0);
 
    lambda->finalize({ sum, iOStateArgument, loadZResults[1] });
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambda->output(),
        &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<jlm::rvsdg::GammaNode>(*gammaOutputA),
        rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*allocaZResults[0]));
  };
 
  auto SetupLambdaGH = [&](rvsdg::Output & lambdaF,
                           int64_t cValue,
                           int64_t xValue,
                           int64_t yValue,
                           const char * functionName)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, functionName, Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto lambdaFArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(lambdaF).inner;
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 4 }).output(0);
 
    auto allocaXResults = AllocaOperation::create(rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto allocaYResults = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
 
    auto memoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaXResults[1], memoryStateArgument });
    memoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ allocaYResults[1], memoryState }));
 
    auto predicate =
        IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, cValue }).output(0);
    auto x = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, xValue }).output(0);
    auto y = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, yValue }).output(0);
 
    auto storeXResults =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaXResults[0], x, { allocaXResults[1] }, 4);
 
    auto storeYResults =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaYResults[0], y, { storeXResults[0] }, 4);
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        lambdaFArgument,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(lambdaF).GetOperation().Type(),
        { predicate, allocaXResults[0], allocaYResults[0], iOStateArgument, storeYResults[0] });
 
    lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), functionName);
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambda->output(),
        &call,
        rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*allocaXResults[0]),
        rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*allocaYResults[1]));
  };
 
  auto [lambdaF, gammaNode, allocaZ] = SetupLambdaF();
  auto [lambdaG, callFromG, allocaXFromG, allocaYFromG] = SetupLambdaGH(*lambdaF, 0, 1, 2, "g");
  auto [lambdaH, callFromH, allocaXFromH, allocaYFromH] = SetupLambdaGH(*lambdaF, 1, 3, 4, "h");
 
  // Assign nodes
  this->LambdaF_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaF);
  this->LambdaG_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaG);
  this->LambdaH_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaH);
 
  this->Gamma_ = gammaNode;
 
  this->CallFromG_ = callFromG;
  this->CallFromH_ = callFromH;
 
  this->AllocaXFromG_ = allocaXFromG;
  this->AllocaYFromG_ = allocaYFromG;
  this->AllocaXFromH_ = allocaXFromH;
  this->AllocaYFromH_ = allocaYFromH;
  this->AllocaZ_ = allocaZ;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
ThetaTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto fcttype = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        PointerType::Create(),
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto fct = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*fct->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
 
  auto thetanode = jlm::rvsdg::ThetaNode::create(fct->subregion());
 
  auto n = thetanode->AddLoopVar(zero);
  auto l = thetanode->AddLoopVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[0]);
  auto a = thetanode->AddLoopVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[1]);
  auto c = thetanode->AddLoopVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[2]);
  auto s = thetanode->AddLoopVar(fct->GetFunctionArguments()[3]);
 
  auto gepnode = GetElementPtrOperation::create(a.pre, { n.pre }, BitType::Create(32));
  auto store = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepnode, c.pre, { s.pre }, 4);
 
  auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*thetanode->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
  auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *n.pre, *one).output(0);
  auto cmp = IntegerUltOperation::createNode(32, *sum, *l.pre).output(0);
  auto & predicateNode = MatchOperation::CreateNode(*cmp, { { 1, 1 } }, 0, 2);
 
  n.post->divert_to(sum);
  s.post->divert_to(store[0]);
  thetanode->set_predicate(predicateNode.output(0));
 
  fct->finalize({ s.output });
  GraphExport::Create(*fct->output(), "f");
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->lambda = fct;
  this->theta = thetanode;
  this->gep = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*gepnode);
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
DeltaTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupGlobalF = [&]()
  {
    auto dfNode = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &graph->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "f",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*dfNode->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
 
    return &dfNode->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupFunctionG = [&]()
  {
    auto pt = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "g", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto ld = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        pointerArgument,
        { memoryStateArgument },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ ld[0], iOStateArgument, ld[1] });
  };
 
  auto SetupFunctionH = [&](rvsdg::Output * f, rvsdg::Output * g)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "h", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto cvf = lambda->AddContextVar(*f).inner;
    auto cvg = lambda->AddContextVar(*g).inner;
 
    auto five = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 5 }).output(0);
    auto st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(cvf, five, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
    auto & callG = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        cvg,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*g).GetOperation().Type(),
        { cvf, iOStateArgument, st[0] });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&callG));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), "h");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &callG, rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*five));
  };
 
  auto f = SetupGlobalF();
  auto g = SetupFunctionG();
  auto [h, callFunctionG, constantFive] = SetupFunctionH(f, g);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->lambda_g = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*g);
  this->lambda_h = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*h);
 
  this->delta_f = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*f);
 
  this->CallG_ = callFunctionG;
  this->constantFive = constantFive;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
DeltaTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupD1 = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &graph->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "d1",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
 
    return &delta->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupD2 = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &graph->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "d2",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
 
    return &delta->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupF1 = [&](rvsdg::Output * d1)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f1", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto cvd1 = lambda->AddContextVar(*d1).inner;
    auto b2 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
    auto st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(cvd1, b2, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ iOStateArgument, st[0] });
  };
 
  auto SetupF2 = [&](rvsdg::Output * f1, rvsdg::Output * d1, rvsdg::Output * d2)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f2", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto cvd1 = lambda->AddContextVar(*d1).inner;
    auto cvd2 = lambda->AddContextVar(*d2).inner;
    auto cvf1 = lambda->AddContextVar(*f1).inner;
 
    auto b5 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 5 }).output(0);
    auto b42 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 42 }).output(0);
    auto st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(cvd1, b5, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        cvf1,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*f1).GetOperation().Type(),
        { iOStateArgument, st[0] });
    st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        cvd2,
        b42,
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call) },
        4);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "f2");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto d1 = SetupD1();
  auto d2 = SetupD2();
  auto f1 = SetupF1(d1);
  auto [f2, callF1] = SetupF2(f1, d1, d2);
 
  // Assign nodes
  this->lambda_f1 = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*f1);
  this->lambda_f2 = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*f2);
 
  this->delta_d1 = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*d1);
  this->delta_d2 = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*d2);
 
  this->CallF1_ = callF1;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
DeltaTest3::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupG1 = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &graph->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "g1",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    return &delta->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupG2 = [&](rvsdg::Output & g1)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &graph->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(pointerType, "g2", Linkage::externalLinkage, "", false, 4));
 
    auto ctxVar = delta->AddContextVar(g1);
 
    return &delta->finalize(ctxVar.inner);
  };
 
  auto SetupF = [&](rvsdg::Output & g1, rvsdg::Output & g2)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(16), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto g1CtxVar = lambda->AddContextVar(g1).inner;
    auto g2CtxVar = lambda->AddContextVar(g2).inner;
 
    auto loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        g2CtxVar,
        { memoryStateArgument },
        PointerType::Create(),
        8);
    auto storeResults =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(g2CtxVar, loadResults[0], { loadResults[1] }, 8);
 
    loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        g1CtxVar,
        storeResults,
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        8);
    auto & truncResult = TruncOperation::create(16, *loadResults[0]);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ &truncResult, iOStateArgument, loadResults[1] });
  };
 
  auto SetupTest = [&](rvsdg::Output & lambdaF)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto lambdaFArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(lambdaF).inner;
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        lambdaFArgument,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(lambdaF).GetOperation().Type(),
        { iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(
        { &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(call), &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call) });
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto g1 = SetupG1();
  auto g2 = SetupG2(*g1);
  auto f = SetupF(*g1, *g2);
  auto [test, callF] = SetupTest(*f);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->LambdaF_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*f);
  this->LambdaTest_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*test);
 
  this->DeltaG1_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*g1);
  this->DeltaG2_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*g2);
 
  this->CallF_ = callF;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
ImportTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupF1 = [&](jlm::rvsdg::Output * d1)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f1", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto cvd1 = lambda->AddContextVar(*d1).inner;
 
    auto b5 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 5 }).output(0);
    auto st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(cvd1, b5, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ iOStateArgument, st[0] });
  };
 
  auto SetupF2 = [&](rvsdg::Output * f1, jlm::rvsdg::Output * d1, jlm::rvsdg::Output * d2)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f2", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto cvd1 = lambda->AddContextVar(*d1).inner;
    auto cvd2 = lambda->AddContextVar(*d2).inner;
    auto cvf1 = lambda->AddContextVar(*f1).inner;
    auto b2 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
    auto b21 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 21 }).output(0);
    auto st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(cvd1, b2, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        cvf1,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*f1).GetOperation().Type(),
        { iOStateArgument, st[0] });
    st = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        cvd2,
        b21,
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call) },
        4);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambda->output(), "f2");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto d1 = &llvm::LlvmGraphImport::createGlobalImport(
      *graph,
      BitType::Create(32),
      PointerType::Create(),
      "d1",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      false,
      4);
  auto d2 = &llvm::LlvmGraphImport::createGlobalImport(
      *graph,
      jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
      PointerType::Create(),
      "d2",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      false,
      4);
 
  auto f1 = SetupF1(d1);
  auto [f2, callF1] = SetupF2(f1, d1, d2);
 
  // Assign nodes
  this->lambda_f1 = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*f1);
  this->lambda_f2 = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*f2);
 
  this->CallF1_ = callF1;
 
  this->import_d1 = d1;
  this->import_d2 = d2;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
PhiTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto fibFunctionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64),
        PointerType::Create(),
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto SetupFib = [&]()
  {
    auto pt = PointerType::Create();
 
    jlm::rvsdg::PhiBuilder pb;
    pb.begin(&graph->GetRootRegion());
    auto fibrv = pb.AddFixVar(fibFunctionType);
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        *pb.subregion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fibFunctionType, "fib", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto valueArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
    auto ctxVarFib = lambda->AddContextVar(*fibrv.recref).inner;
 
    auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 64, 2 }).output(0);
    auto bitult = IntegerUltOperation::createNode(64, *valueArgument, *two).output(0);
    auto & predicateNode = MatchOperation::CreateNode(*bitult, { { 0, 1 } }, 0, 2);
 
    auto gammaNode = GammaNode::create(predicateNode.output(0), 2);
    auto nev = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(valueArgument);
    auto resultev = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(pointerArgument);
    auto fibev = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(ctxVarFib);
    auto gIIoState = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(iOStateArgument);
    auto gIMemoryState = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(memoryStateArgument);
 
    /* gamma subregion 0 */
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(0), { 64, 1 }).output(0);
    auto nm1 = IntegerSubOperation::createNode(64, *nev.branchArgument[0], *one).output(0);
    auto & callFibm1 = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        fibev.branchArgument[0],
        fibFunctionType,
        { nm1,
          resultev.branchArgument[0],
          gIIoState.branchArgument[0],
          gIMemoryState.branchArgument[0] });
 
    two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(0), { 64, 2 }).output(0);
    auto nm2 = IntegerSubOperation::createNode(64, *nev.branchArgument[0], *two).output(0);
    auto & callFibm2 = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        fibev.branchArgument[0],
        fibFunctionType,
        { nm2,
          resultev.branchArgument[0],
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callFibm1),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callFibm1) });
 
    auto gepnm1 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(
        resultev.branchArgument[0],
        { nm1 },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64));
    auto ldnm1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        gepnm1,
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callFibm2) },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64),
        8);
 
    auto gepnm2 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(
        resultev.branchArgument[0],
        { nm2 },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64));
    auto ldnm2 =
        LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepnm2, { ldnm1[1] }, jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64), 8);
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(64, *ldnm1[0], *ldnm2[0]).output(0);
 
    /* gamma subregion 1 */
    /* Nothing needs to be done */
 
    auto sumex = gammaNode->AddExitVar({ sum, nev.branchArgument[1] });
    auto gOIoState = gammaNode->AddExitVar(
        { &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callFibm2), gIIoState.branchArgument[1] });
    auto gOMemoryState = gammaNode->AddExitVar({ ldnm2[1], gIMemoryState.branchArgument[1] });
 
    auto gepn = GetElementPtrOperation::create(
        pointerArgument,
        { valueArgument },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64));
    auto store = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepn, sumex.output, { gOMemoryState.output }, 8);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ gOIoState.output, store[0] });
 
    fibrv.result->divert_to(lambdaOutput);
    auto phiNode = pb.end();
 
    return std::make_tuple(phiNode, lambdaOutput, gammaNode, &callFibm1, &callFibm2);
  };
 
  auto SetupTestFunction = [&](rvsdg::PhiNode * phiNode)
  {
    auto at = ArrayType::Create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(64), 10);
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto fibcv = lambda->AddContextVar(*phiNode->output(0)).inner;
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 64, 1 }).output(0);
    auto constantTen = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 64, 10 }).output(0);
 
    auto allocaResults = AllocaOperation::create(at, constantOne, 16);
    auto state = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaResults[1], memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 64, 0 }).output(0);
    auto gep = GetElementPtrOperation::create(allocaResults[0], { zero, zero }, at);
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        fibcv,
        fibFunctionType,
        { constantTen, gep, iOStateArgument, state });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &call,
        rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*allocaResults[0]));
  };
 
  auto [phiNode, fibfct, gammaNode, callFib1, callFib2] = SetupFib();
  auto [testfct, callFib, alloca] = SetupTestFunction(phiNode);
 
  // Assign nodes
  this->lambda_fib = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*fibfct);
  this->lambda_test = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*testfct);
 
  this->gamma = gammaNode;
  this->phi = phiNode;
 
  this->CallFibm1_ = callFib1;
  this->CallFibm2_ = callFib2;
 
  this->CallFib_ = callFib;
 
  this->alloca = alloca;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
PhiTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
  auto constantFunctionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto recursiveFunctionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto functionIType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto recFunctionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupEight = [&]()
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(constantFunctionType, "eight", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 8 }).output(0);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ constant, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
  };
 
  auto SetupI = [&]()
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionIType, "i", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto functionArgument =
        rvsdg::CreateOpNode<PointerToFunctionOperation>({ pointerArgument }, constantFunctionType)
            .output(0);
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionArgument,
        constantFunctionType,
        { iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto SetupA = [&](jlm::rvsdg::Region & region,
                    jlm::rvsdg::Output & functionB,
                    jlm::rvsdg::Output & functionD)
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        region,
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(recFunctionType, "a", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto functionBCv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionB).inner;
    auto functionDCv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionD).inner;
 
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto storeNode =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(pointerArgument, one, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto paAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto paMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ paAlloca[1], storeNode[0] }));
 
    auto & callB = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionBCv,
        recFunctionType,
        { paAlloca[0], iOStateArgument, paMerge });
 
    auto & callD = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionDCv,
        recFunctionType,
        { paAlloca[0],
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callB),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callB) });
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *callB.output(0), *callD.output(0)).output(0);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ sum,
                                           &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callD),
                                           &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callD) });
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &callB,
        &callD,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<jlm::rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*paAlloca[0])));
  };
 
  auto SetupB = [&](jlm::rvsdg::Region & region,
                    jlm::rvsdg::Output & functionI,
                    jlm::rvsdg::Output & functionC,
                    jlm::rvsdg::Output & functionEight)
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        region,
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(recFunctionType, "b", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto functionICv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionI).inner;
    auto functionCCv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionC).inner;
    auto functionEightCv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionEight).inner;
 
    auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
    auto storeNode =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(pointerArgument, two, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto pbAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto pbMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ pbAlloca[1], storeNode[0] }));
 
    auto & callI = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionICv,
        functionIType,
        { rvsdg::CreateOpNode<FunctionToPointerOperation>({ functionEightCv }, constantFunctionType)
              .output(0),
          iOStateArgument,
          pbMerge });
 
    auto & callC = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionCCv,
        recFunctionType,
        { pbAlloca[0],
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callI),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callI) });
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *callI.output(0), *callC.output(0)).output(0);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ sum,
                                           &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callC),
                                           &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callC) });
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &callI,
        &callC,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<jlm::rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*pbAlloca[0])));
  };
 
  auto SetupC = [&](jlm::rvsdg::Region & region, jlm::rvsdg::Output & functionA)
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        region,
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(recFunctionType, "c", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto xArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto functionACv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionA).inner;
 
    auto three = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 3 }).output(0);
    auto storeNode =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(xArgument, three, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
 
    auto constanOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto pcAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constanOne, 4);
    auto pcMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ pcAlloca[1], storeNode[0] }));
 
    auto & callA = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionACv,
        recFunctionType,
        { pcAlloca[0], iOStateArgument, pcMerge });
 
    auto loadX = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        xArgument,
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callA) },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto sum = IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *callA.output(0), *loadX[0]).output(0);
 
    auto lambdaOutput =
        lambda->finalize({ sum, &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callA), loadX[1] });
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &callA,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<jlm::rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*pcAlloca[0])));
  };
 
  auto SetupD = [&](jlm::rvsdg::Region & region, jlm::rvsdg::Output & functionA)
  {
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        region,
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(recFunctionType, "d", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto xArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto functionACv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionA).inner;
 
    auto four = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 4 }).output(0);
    auto storeNode = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(xArgument, four, { memoryStateArgument }, 4);
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto pdAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto pdMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ pdAlloca[1], storeNode[0] }));
 
    auto & callA = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionACv,
        recFunctionType,
        { pdAlloca[0], iOStateArgument, pdMerge });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&callA));
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &callA,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<jlm::rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*pdAlloca[0])));
  };
 
  auto SetupPhi = [&](rvsdg::Output & lambdaEight, rvsdg::Output & lambdaI)
  {
    jlm::rvsdg::PhiBuilder phiBuilder;
    phiBuilder.begin(&graph->GetRootRegion());
    auto lambdaARv = phiBuilder.AddFixVar(recFunctionType);
    auto lambdaBRv = phiBuilder.AddFixVar(recFunctionType);
    auto lambdaCRv = phiBuilder.AddFixVar(recFunctionType);
    auto lambdaDRv = phiBuilder.AddFixVar(recFunctionType);
    auto lambdaEightCv = phiBuilder.AddContextVar(lambdaEight);
    auto lambdaICv = phiBuilder.AddContextVar(lambdaI);
 
    auto [lambdaAOutput, callB, callD, paAlloca] =
        SetupA(*phiBuilder.subregion(), *lambdaBRv.recref, *lambdaDRv.recref);
 
    auto [lambdaBOutput, callI, callC, pbAlloca] =
        SetupB(*phiBuilder.subregion(), *lambdaICv.inner, *lambdaCRv.recref, *lambdaEightCv.inner);
 
    auto [lambdaCOutput, callAFromC, pcAlloca] = SetupC(*phiBuilder.subregion(), *lambdaARv.recref);
 
    auto [lambdaDOutput, callAFromD, pdAlloca] = SetupD(*phiBuilder.subregion(), *lambdaARv.recref);
 
    lambdaARv.result->divert_to(lambdaAOutput);
    lambdaBRv.result->divert_to(lambdaBOutput);
    lambdaCRv.result->divert_to(lambdaCOutput);
    lambdaDRv.result->divert_to(lambdaDOutput);
 
    phiBuilder.end();
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaARv,
        lambdaBRv,
        lambdaCRv,
        lambdaDRv,
        callB,
        callD,
        callI,
        callC,
        callAFromC,
        callAFromD,
        paAlloca,
        pbAlloca,
        pcAlloca,
        pdAlloca);
  };
 
  auto SetupTest = [&](rvsdg::Output & functionA)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        graph->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto functionACv = lambda->AddContextVar(functionA).inner;
 
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto pTestAlloca = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto pTestMerge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>({ pTestAlloca[1], memoryStateArgument }));
 
    auto & callA = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionACv,
        recFunctionType,
        { pTestAlloca[0], iOStateArgument, pTestMerge });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&callA));
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &callA,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<jlm::rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*pTestAlloca[0])));
  };
 
  auto lambdaEight = SetupEight();
  auto [lambdaI, indirectCall] = SetupI();
 
  auto
      [lambdaA,
       lambdaB,
       lambdaC,
       lambdaD,
       callB,
       callD,
       callI,
       callC,
       callAFromC,
       callAFromD,
       paAlloca,
       pbAlloca,
       pcAlloca,
       pdAlloca] = SetupPhi(*lambdaEight, *lambdaI);
 
  auto [lambdaTest, callAFromTest, pTestAlloca] = SetupTest(*lambdaA.output);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->LambdaEight_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaEight);
  this->LambdaI_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaI);
  this->LambdaA_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaA.result->origin());
  this->LambdaB_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaB.result->origin());
  this->LambdaC_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaC.result->origin());
  this->LambdaD_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaD.result->origin());
  this->LambdaTest_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaTest);
 
  this->CallAFromTest_ = callAFromTest;
  this->CallAFromC_ = callAFromC;
  this->CallAFromD_ = callAFromD;
  this->CallB_ = callB;
  this->CallC_ = callC;
  this->CallD_ = callD;
  this->CallI_ = callI;
  this->IndirectCall_ = indirectCall;
 
  this->PTestAlloca_ = pTestAlloca;
  this->PaAlloca_ = paAlloca;
  this->PbAlloca_ = pbAlloca;
  this->PcAlloca_ = pcAlloca;
  this->PdAlloca_ = pdAlloca;
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
PhiWithDeltaTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto & rvsdg = rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto structType = StructType::CreateIdentified("myStruct", { PointerType::Create() }, false);
  auto arrayType = ArrayType::Create(structType, 2);
 
  jlm::rvsdg::PhiBuilder pb;
  pb.begin(&rvsdg.GetRootRegion());
  auto myArrayRecVar = pb.AddFixVar(pointerType);
 
  auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
      pb.subregion(),
      LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(arrayType, "myArray", Linkage::externalLinkage, "", false, 4));
  auto myArrayArgument = delta->AddContextVar(*myArrayRecVar.recref).inner;
 
  auto aggregateZero = ConstantAggregateZeroOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), structType);
  auto & constantStruct =
      ConstantStructOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { myArrayArgument }, structType);
  auto constantArray = ConstantArrayOperation::Create({ aggregateZero, &constantStruct });
 
  auto deltaOutput = &delta->finalize(constantArray);
  Delta_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaOutput);
  myArrayRecVar.result->divert_to(deltaOutput);
 
  auto phiNode = pb.end();
  GraphExport::Create(*phiNode->output(0), "myArray");
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
ExternalMemoryTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto ft = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), PointerType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  LambdaF = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(ft, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
  auto x = LambdaF->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
  auto y = LambdaF->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
  auto state = LambdaF->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
  auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaF->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
  auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaF->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
 
  auto storeOne = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(x, one, { state }, 4);
  auto storeTwo = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(y, two, { storeOne[0] }, 4);
 
  LambdaF->finalize(storeTwo);
  GraphExport::Create(*LambdaF->output(), "f");
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
EscapedMemoryTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto SetupDeltaA = [&]()
  {
    auto deltaNode = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "a",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*deltaNode->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    return &deltaNode->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupDeltaB = [&]()
  {
    auto deltaNode = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "b",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*deltaNode->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
 
    return &deltaNode->finalize(constant);
  };
 
  auto SetupDeltaX = [&](rvsdg::Output & deltaA)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
    auto deltaNode = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(pointerType, "x", Linkage::externalLinkage, "", false, 4));
 
    auto contextVariableA = deltaNode->AddContextVar(deltaA).inner;
 
    return &deltaNode->finalize(contextVariableA);
  };
 
  auto SetupDeltaY = [&](rvsdg::Output & deltaX)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
 
    auto deltaNode = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(pointerType, "y", Linkage::externalLinkage, "", false, 4));
 
    auto contextVariableX = deltaNode->AddContextVar(deltaX).inner;
 
    auto deltaOutput = &deltaNode->finalize(contextVariableX);
    GraphExport::Create(*deltaOutput, "y");
 
    return deltaOutput;
  };
 
  auto SetupLambdaTest = [&](rvsdg::Output & deltaB)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto pointerArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
    auto contextVariableB = lambda->AddContextVar(deltaB).inner;
 
    auto loadResults1 =
        LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(pointerArgument, { memoryStateArgument }, pointerType, 4);
    auto loadResults2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        loadResults1[0],
        { loadResults1[1] },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto five = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 5 }).output(0);
    auto storeResults =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(contextVariableB, five, { loadResults2[1] }, 4);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ loadResults2[0], iOStateArgument, storeResults[0] });
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*loadResults1[0])));
  };
 
  auto deltaA = SetupDeltaA();
  auto deltaB = SetupDeltaB();
  auto deltaX = SetupDeltaX(*deltaA);
  auto deltaY = SetupDeltaY(*deltaX);
  auto [lambdaTest, loadNode1] = SetupLambdaTest(*deltaB);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->LambdaTest = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaTest);
 
  this->DeltaA = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaA);
  this->DeltaB = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaB);
  this->DeltaX = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaX);
  this->DeltaY = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaY);
 
  this->LoadNode1 = loadNode1;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
EscapedMemoryTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
 
  auto externalFunction1Type = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto externalFunction2Type = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto SetupExternalFunction1Declaration = [&]()
  {
    return &llvm::LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
        *rvsdg,
        externalFunction1Type,
        "ExternalFunction1",
        Linkage::externalLinkage,
        llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  };
 
  auto SetupExternalFunction2Declaration = [&]()
  {
    return &llvm::LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
        *rvsdg,
        externalFunction2Type,
        "ExternalFunction2",
        Linkage::externalLinkage,
        llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  };
 
  auto SetupReturnAddressFunction = [&]()
  {
    PointerType p8;
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "ReturnAddress", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto eight = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 8 }).output(0);
 
    auto & mallocNode = MallocOperation::createNode(*eight, *iOStateArgument);
    auto mergeResults = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector({ memoryStateArgument, &MallocOperation::memoryStateOutput(mallocNode) }));
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ &MallocOperation::addressOutput(mallocNode),
                                           &MallocOperation::ioStateOutput(mallocNode),
                                           mergeResults });
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "ReturnAddress");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &mallocNode);
  };
 
  auto SetupCallExternalFunction1 = [&](jlm::rvsdg::RegionArgument * externalFunction1Argument)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(
            functionType,
            "CallExternalFunction1",
            Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto externalFunction1 = lambda->AddContextVar(*externalFunction1Argument).inner;
 
    auto eight = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 8 }).output(0);
 
    auto & mallocNode = MallocOperation::createNode(*eight, *iOStateArgument);
    auto mergeResult = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector({ memoryStateArgument, &MallocOperation::memoryStateOutput(mallocNode) }));
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        externalFunction1,
        externalFunction1Type,
        { &MallocOperation::addressOutput(mallocNode),
          &MallocOperation::ioStateOutput(mallocNode),
          mergeResult });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "CallExternalFunction1");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call, &mallocNode);
  };
 
  auto SetupCallExternalFunction2 = [&](jlm::rvsdg::RegionArgument * externalFunction2Argument)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(
            functionType,
            "CallExternalFunction2",
            Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto externalFunction2 = lambda->AddContextVar(*externalFunction2Argument).inner;
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        externalFunction2,
        externalFunction2Type,
        { iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        call.output(0),
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call) },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(
        { loadResults[0], &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(call), loadResults[1] });
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "CallExternalFunction2");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &call,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*loadResults[0])));
  };
 
  auto externalFunction1 = SetupExternalFunction1Declaration();
  auto externalFunction2 = SetupExternalFunction2Declaration();
  auto [returnAddressFunction, returnAddressMalloc] = SetupReturnAddressFunction();
  auto [callExternalFunction1, externalFunction1Call, callExternalFunction1Malloc] =
      SetupCallExternalFunction1(externalFunction1);
  auto [callExternalFunction2, externalFunction2Call, loadNode] =
      SetupCallExternalFunction2(externalFunction2);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->ReturnAddressFunction =
      &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*returnAddressFunction);
  this->CallExternalFunction1 =
      &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*callExternalFunction1);
  this->CallExternalFunction2 =
      &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*callExternalFunction2);
 
  this->ExternalFunction1Call = externalFunction1Call;
  this->ExternalFunction2Call = externalFunction2Call;
 
  this->ReturnAddressMalloc = returnAddressMalloc;
  this->CallExternalFunction1Malloc = callExternalFunction1Malloc;
 
  this->ExternalFunction1Import = externalFunction1;
  this->ExternalFunction2Import = externalFunction2;
 
  this->LoadNode = loadNode;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
EscapedMemoryTest3::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto externalFunctionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto SetupExternalFunctionDeclaration = [&]()
  {
    return &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
        *rvsdg,
        externalFunctionType,
        "externalFunction",
        Linkage::externalLinkage,
        llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  };
 
  auto SetupGlobal = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
            "global",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constant = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 4 }).output(0);
 
    auto deltaOutput = &delta->finalize(constant);
 
    GraphExport::Create(*deltaOutput, "global");
 
    return deltaOutput;
  };
 
  auto SetupTestFunction = [&](jlm::rvsdg::RegionArgument * externalFunctionArgument)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "test", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto externalFunction = lambda->AddContextVar(*externalFunctionArgument).inner;
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        externalFunction,
        externalFunctionType,
        { iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        call.output(0),
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(call) },
        rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(
        { loadResults[0], &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(call), loadResults[1] });
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "test");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &call,
        jlm::util::assertedCast<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(
            rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*loadResults[0])));
  };
 
  auto importExternalFunction = SetupExternalFunctionDeclaration();
  auto deltaGlobal = SetupGlobal();
  auto [lambdaTest, callExternalFunction, loadNode] = SetupTestFunction(importExternalFunction);
 
  // Assign nodes
  this->LambdaTest = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaTest);
  this->DeltaGlobal = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaGlobal);
  this->ImportExternalFunction = importExternalFunction;
  this->CallExternalFunction = callExternalFunction;
  this->LoadNode = loadNode;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
MemcpyTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto arrayType = ArrayType::Create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), 5);
 
  auto SetupInitArray = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(arrayType, "initArray", Linkage::externalLinkage, "", false, 4));
 
    auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
    auto three = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 3 }).output(0);
    auto four = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), { 32, 4 }).output(0);
 
    auto constantDataArray = ConstantDataArrayOperation::Create({ zero, one, two, three, four });
 
    auto deltaOutput = &delta->finalize(constantDataArray);
 
    GraphExport::Create(*deltaOutput, "initArray");
 
    return deltaOutput;
  };
 
  auto SetupGlobalArray = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(
            arrayType,
            "globalArray",
            Linkage::externalLinkage,
            "",
            false,
            4));
 
    auto constantAggregateZero =
        ConstantAggregateZeroOperation::Create(*delta->subregion(), arrayType);
 
    auto deltaOutput = &delta->finalize(constantAggregateZero);
 
    GraphExport::Create(*deltaOutput, "globalArray");
 
    return deltaOutput;
  };
 
  auto SetupFunctionF = [&](rvsdg::Output & globalArray)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto globalArrayArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(globalArray).inner;
 
    auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
    auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
    auto six = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 6 }).output(0);
 
    auto gep = GetElementPtrOperation::create(globalArrayArgument, { zero, two }, arrayType);
 
    auto storeResults = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(gep, six, { memoryStateArgument }, 8);
 
    auto loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        gep,
        { storeResults[0] },
        jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        8);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ loadResults[0], iOStateArgument, loadResults[1] });
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "f");
 
    return lambdaOutput;
  };
 
  auto SetupFunctionG =
      [&](rvsdg::Output & localArray, rvsdg::Output & globalArray, rvsdg::Output & lambdaF)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "g", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto localArrayArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(localArray).inner;
    auto globalArrayArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(globalArray).inner;
    auto functionFArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(lambdaF).inner;
 
    auto bcLocalArray = BitCastOperation::create(localArrayArgument, PointerType::Create());
    auto bcGlobalArray = BitCastOperation::create(globalArrayArgument, PointerType::Create());
 
    auto twenty = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 20 }).output(0);
 
    auto memcpyResults = MemCpyNonVolatileOperation::create(
        bcGlobalArray,
        bcLocalArray,
        twenty,
        { memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionFArgument,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(lambdaF).GetOperation().Type(),
        { iOStateArgument, memcpyResults[0] });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "g");
 
    return std::make_tuple(
        lambdaOutput,
        &call,
        &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*memcpyResults[0]));
  };
 
  auto initArray = SetupInitArray();
  auto globalArray = SetupGlobalArray();
  auto lambdaF = SetupFunctionF(*globalArray);
  auto [lambdaG, callF, memcpyNode] = SetupFunctionG(*initArray, *globalArray, *lambdaF);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->LambdaF_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaF);
  this->LambdaG_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaG);
  this->InitArray_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*initArray);
  this->GlobalArray_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*globalArray);
  this->CallF_ = callF;
  this->Memcpy_ = memcpyNode;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
MemcpyTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto arrayType = ArrayType::Create(PointerType::Create(), 32);
  auto structTypeB = StructType::CreateIdentified("structTypeB", { arrayType }, false);
 
  auto SetupFunctionG = [&]()
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(),
          PointerType::Create(),
          IOStateType::Create(),
          MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "g", Linkage::internalLinkage));
    auto s1Argument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto s2Argument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
 
    auto c0 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
    auto c128 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 64, 128 }).output(0);
 
    auto gepS21 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(s2Argument, { c0, c0 }, structTypeB);
    auto gepS22 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(gepS21, { c0, c0 }, arrayType);
    auto ldS2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepS22, { memoryStateArgument }, pointerType, 8);
 
    auto gepS11 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(s1Argument, { c0, c0 }, structTypeB);
    auto gepS12 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(gepS11, { c0, c0 }, arrayType);
    auto ldS1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepS12, { ldS2[1] }, pointerType, 8);
 
    auto memcpyResults = MemCpyNonVolatileOperation::create(ldS2[0], ldS1[0], c128, { ldS1[1] });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ iOStateArgument, memcpyResults[0] });
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*memcpyResults[0]));
  };
 
  auto SetupFunctionF = [&](rvsdg::Output & functionF)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { PointerType::Create(),
          PointerType::Create(),
          IOStateType::Create(),
          MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto s1Argument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto s2Argument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
 
    auto functionFArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(functionF).inner;
 
    auto c0 = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
 
    auto gepS1 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(s1Argument, { c0, c0 }, structTypeB);
    auto ldS1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepS1, { memoryStateArgument }, pointerType, 8);
 
    auto gepS2 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(s2Argument, { c0, c0 }, structTypeB);
    auto ldS2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepS2, { ldS1[1] }, pointerType, 8);
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        functionFArgument,
        rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(functionF).GetOperation().Type(),
        { ldS1[0], ldS2[0], iOStateArgument, ldS2[1] });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "f");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  auto [lambdaG, memcpyNode] = SetupFunctionG();
  auto [lambdaF, callG] = SetupFunctionF(*lambdaG);
 
  this->LambdaF_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaF);
  this->LambdaG_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaG);
  this->CallG_ = callG;
  this->Memcpy_ = memcpyNode;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
MemcpyTest3::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto rvsdg = &rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto structType = StructType::CreateIdentified("myStruct", { PointerType::Create() }, false);
 
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  Lambda_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      rvsdg->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::internalLinkage));
  auto pArgument = Lambda_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
  auto iOStateArgument = Lambda_->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
  auto memoryStateArgument = Lambda_->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
 
  auto eight = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), { 64, 8 }).output(0);
  auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
  auto minusFive = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), { 64, -5 }).output(0);
  auto three = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), { 64, 3 }).output(0);
 
  auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), { 64, 1 }).output(0);
  auto allocaResults = AllocaOperation::create(structType, constantOne, 8);
  auto memoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaResults[1], memoryStateArgument });
 
  auto memcpyResults =
      MemCpyNonVolatileOperation::create(allocaResults[0], pArgument, eight, { memoryState });
 
  auto gep1 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(allocaResults[0], { zero, zero }, structType);
  auto ld = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gep1, { memcpyResults[0] }, pointerType, 8);
 
  auto gep2 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(allocaResults[0], { minusFive }, structType);
 
  memcpyResults = MemCpyNonVolatileOperation::create(ld[0], gep2, three, { ld[1] });
 
  auto lambdaOutput = Lambda_->finalize({ iOStateArgument, memcpyResults[0] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "f");
 
  Alloca_ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*allocaResults[0]);
  Memcpy_ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*memcpyResults[0]);
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
LinkedListTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto & rvsdg = rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto structType = StructType::CreateIdentified("list", { PointerType::Create() }, false);
 
  auto SetupDeltaMyList = [&]()
  {
    auto delta = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
        &rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(pointerType, "MyList", Linkage::externalLinkage, "", false, 4));
 
    auto constantPointerNullResult =
        ConstantPointerNullOperation::createNode(*delta->subregion()).output(0);
 
    auto deltaOutput = &delta->finalize(constantPointerNullResult);
    GraphExport::Create(*deltaOutput, "myList");
 
    return deltaOutput;
  };
 
  auto SetupFunctionNext = [&](rvsdg::Output & myList)
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "next", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto myListArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(myList).inner;
 
    auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
    auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
    auto alloca = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, constantOne, 4);
    auto mergedMemoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ alloca[1], memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto load1 =
        LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(myListArgument, { mergedMemoryState }, pointerType, 4);
    auto store1 = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(alloca[0], load1[0], { load1[1] }, 4);
 
    auto load2 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(alloca[0], { store1[0] }, pointerType, 4);
    auto gep = GetElementPtrOperation::create(load2[0], { zero, zero }, structType);
 
    auto load3 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(gep, { load2[1] }, pointerType, 4);
    auto store2 = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(alloca[0], load3[0], { load3[1] }, 4);
 
    auto load4 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(alloca[0], { store2[0] }, pointerType, 4);
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize({ load4[0], iOStateArgument, load4[1] });
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "next");
 
    return std::make_tuple(rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*alloca[0]), lambdaOutput);
  };
 
  auto deltaMyList = SetupDeltaMyList();
  auto [alloca, lambdaNext] = SetupFunctionNext(*deltaMyList);
 
  /*
   * Assign nodes
   */
  this->DeltaMyList_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::DeltaNode>(*deltaMyList);
  this->LambdaNext_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaNext);
  this->Alloca_ = alloca;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
AllMemoryNodesTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto ioStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { MemoryStateType::Create(), ioStateType },
      { MemoryStateType::Create(), ioStateType });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  // Create imported symbol "imported"
  Import_ = &LlvmGraphImport::createGlobalImport(
      *graph,
      BitType::Create(32),
      PointerType::Create(),
      "imported",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      false,
      4);
 
  // Create global variable "global"
  Delta_ = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
      &graph->GetRootRegion(),
      LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(pointerType, "global", Linkage::externalLinkage, "", false, 4));
  auto constantPointerNullResult =
      ConstantPointerNullOperation::createNode(*Delta_->subregion()).output(0);
  Delta_->finalize(constantPointerNullResult);
 
  // Start of function "f"
  Lambda_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
  auto entryMemoryState = Lambda_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
  auto ioStateArgument = Lambda_->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
  auto deltaContextVar = Lambda_->AddContextVar(Delta_->output()).inner;
  auto importContextVar = Lambda_->AddContextVar(*Import_).inner;
 
  // Create alloca node
  auto allocaSize = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
  auto allocaOutputs = AllocaOperation::create(pointerType, allocaSize, 8);
  Alloca_ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*allocaOutputs[0]);
 
  auto afterAllocaMemoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ entryMemoryState, allocaOutputs[1] });
 
  // Create malloc node
  auto mallocSize = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Lambda_->subregion(), { 32, 4 }).output(0);
  Malloc_ = &MallocOperation::createNode(*mallocSize, *ioStateArgument);
 
  auto afterMallocMemoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector{ afterAllocaMemoryState, &MallocOperation::memoryStateOutput(*Malloc_) });
 
  // Store the result of malloc into the alloca'd memory
  auto storeAllocaOutputs = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      allocaOutputs[0],
      &MallocOperation::addressOutput(*Malloc_),
      { afterMallocMemoryState },
      8);
 
  // load the value in the alloca again
  auto loadAllocaOutputs =
      LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaOutputs[0], { storeAllocaOutputs[0] }, pointerType, 8);
 
  // Load the value of the imported symbol "imported"
  auto loadImportedOutputs = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      importContextVar,
      { loadAllocaOutputs[1] },
      jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
      4);
 
  // Store the loaded value from imported, into the address loaded from the alloca (aka. the malloc
  // result)
  auto storeImportedOutputs = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      loadAllocaOutputs[0],
      loadImportedOutputs[0],
      { loadImportedOutputs[1] },
      4);
 
  // store the loaded alloca value in the global variable
  auto storeOutputs = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      deltaContextVar,
      loadAllocaOutputs[0],
      { storeImportedOutputs[0] },
      8);
 
  Lambda_->finalize({ storeOutputs[0], &MallocOperation::ioStateOutput(*Malloc_) });
 
  GraphExport::Create(Delta_->output(), "global");
  GraphExport::Create(*Lambda_->output(), "f");
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
NAllocaNodesTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto fcttype =
      rvsdg::FunctionType::Create({ MemoryStateType::Create() }, { MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  Function_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(fcttype, "f", Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  auto constantOne = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Function_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
 
  jlm::rvsdg::Output * latestMemoryState = Function_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
 
  for (size_t i = 0; i < NumAllocaNodes_; i++)
  {
    auto allocaOutputs = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), constantOne, 4);
    auto allocaNode = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::SimpleNode>(*allocaOutputs[0]);
 
    AllocaNodes_.push_back(allocaNode);
 
    // Update latestMemoryState to include the alloca memory state output
    latestMemoryState =
        MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(std::vector{ latestMemoryState, allocaOutputs[1] });
  }
 
  Function_->finalize({ latestMemoryState });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*Function_->output(), "f");
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
EscapingLocalFunctionTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto uint32Type = rvsdg::BitType::Create(32);
  auto mt = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto localFuncType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { PointerType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto exportedFuncType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { PointerType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  const auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  Global_ = jlm::rvsdg::DeltaNode::Create(
      &graph->GetRootRegion(),
      LlvmDeltaOperation::Create(uint32Type, "global", Linkage::internalLinkage, "", false, 4));
  const auto constantZero =
      IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*Global_->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
  const auto deltaOutput = &Global_->finalize(constantZero);
 
  LocalFunc_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(localFuncType, "localFunction", Linkage::internalLinkage));
 
  LocalFuncParam_ = LocalFunc_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
 
  const auto constantOne =
      IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LocalFunc_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
  const auto allocaOutputs = AllocaOperation::create(uint32Type, constantOne, 4);
  LocalFuncParamAllocaNode_ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*allocaOutputs[0]);
 
  // Merge function's input Memory State and alloca node's memory state
  rvsdg::Output * mergedMemoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
      std::vector<rvsdg::Output *>{ LocalFunc_->GetFunctionArguments()[1], allocaOutputs[1] });
 
  // Store the function parameter into the alloca node
  auto storeOutputs = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
      allocaOutputs[0],
      LocalFuncParam_,
      { mergedMemoryState },
      4);
 
  // Bring in deltaOuput as a context variable
  const auto deltaOutputCtxVar = LocalFunc_->AddContextVar(*deltaOutput).inner;
 
  // Return &global
  LocalFunc_->finalize({ deltaOutputCtxVar, storeOutputs[0] });
 
  LocalFuncRegister_ =
      rvsdg::CreateOpNode<FunctionToPointerOperation>({ LocalFunc_->output() }, localFuncType)
          .output(0);
 
  ExportedFunc_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(
          exportedFuncType,
          "exportedFunc",
          Linkage::externalLinkage));
 
  const auto localFuncCtxVar = ExportedFunc_->AddContextVar(*LocalFuncRegister_).inner;
 
  // Return &localFunc, pass memory state directly through
  ExportedFunc_->finalize({ localFuncCtxVar, ExportedFunc_->GetFunctionArguments()[0] });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*ExportedFunc_->output(), "exportedFunc");
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
FreeNullTest::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto module = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto graph = &module->Rvsdg();
 
  LambdaMain_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
      graph->GetRootRegion(),
      llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "main", Linkage::externalLinkage));
  auto iOStateArgument = LambdaMain_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
  auto memoryStateArgument = LambdaMain_->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
  auto constantPointerNullResult =
      ConstantPointerNullOperation::createNode(*LambdaMain_->subregion()).output(0);
 
  auto & freeNode = FreeOperation::createNode(
      *constantPointerNullResult,
      *iOStateArgument,
      { memoryStateArgument });
 
  LambdaMain_->finalize({ &FreeOperation::getIOStateOutput(freeNode),
                          &*FreeOperation::memoryStateOutputs(freeNode).begin() });
 
  GraphExport::Create(*LambdaMain_->output(), "main");
 
  return module;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
LambdaCallArgumentMismatch::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
  using namespace jlm::rvsdg;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto & rvsdg = rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto functionType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto variableArgumentType = VariableArgumentType::Create();
  auto functionTypeCall = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        variableArgumentType,
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto setupLambdaG = [&]()
  {
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionType, "g", Linkage::internalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
 
    auto five = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 5 }).output(0);
 
    return lambda->finalize({ five, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
  };
 
  auto setupLambdaMain = [&](rvsdg::Output & lambdaG)
  {
    auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
    auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
    auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
    auto functionTypeMain = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
        { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
        { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
    auto lambda = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(functionTypeMain, "main", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = lambda->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto lambdaGArgument = lambda->AddContextVar(lambdaG).inner;
 
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto six = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), { 32, 6 }).output(0);
 
    auto vaList = VariadicArgumentListOperation::Create(*lambda->subregion(), {});
 
    auto allocaResults = AllocaOperation::create(rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), one, 4);
 
    auto memoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<rvsdg::Output *>{ memoryStateArgument, allocaResults[1] });
 
    auto storeResults =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaResults[0], six, { memoryState }, 4);
 
    auto loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        allocaResults[0],
        storeResults,
        rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
 
    auto & call = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        lambdaGArgument,
        functionTypeCall,
        { loadResults[0], vaList, iOStateArgument, loadResults[1] });
 
    auto lambdaOutput = lambda->finalize(outputs(&call));
 
    GraphExport::Create(*lambdaOutput, "main");
 
    return std::make_tuple(lambdaOutput, &call);
  };
 
  LambdaG_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*setupLambdaG());
 
  // Formal arguments and call arguments do not match. Force conversion through pointer
  // to hide the mismatch, the call operator would complain otherwise.
  // The semantic of this is llvm-specific.
  auto ptr =
      jlm::rvsdg::CreateOpNode<FunctionToPointerOperation>({ LambdaG_->output() }, functionType)
          .output(0);
  auto fn =
      jlm::rvsdg::CreateOpNode<PointerToFunctionOperation>({ ptr }, functionTypeCall).output(0);
  auto [lambdaMainOutput, call] = setupLambdaMain(*fn);
  LambdaMain_ = &rvsdg::AssertGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::LambdaNode>(*lambdaMainOutput);
  Call_ = call;
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
VariadicFunctionTest1::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto & rvsdg = rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto varArgType = VariableArgumentType::Create();
  auto lambdaHType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        varArgType,
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaFType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaGType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  // Setup h()
  ImportH_ = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaHType,
      "h",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
 
  // Setup f()
  {
    LambdaF_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(lambdaFType, "f", Linkage::internalLinkage));
    auto iArgument = LambdaF_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto iOStateArgument = LambdaF_->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto memoryStateArgument = LambdaF_->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto lambdaHArgument = LambdaF_->AddContextVar(*ImportH_).inner;
 
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaF_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto three = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaF_->subregion(), { 32, 3 }).output(0);
 
    auto varArgList = VariadicArgumentListOperation::Create(*LambdaF_->subregion(), { iArgument });
 
    CallH_ = &CallOperation::CreateNode(
        lambdaHArgument,
        lambdaHType,
        { one, varArgList, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    auto storeResults = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        CallH_->output(0),
        three,
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(*CallH_) },
        4);
 
    LambdaF_->finalize({ &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(*CallH_), storeResults[0] });
  }
 
  // Setup g()
  {
    LambdaG_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(lambdaGType, "g", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = LambdaG_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = LambdaG_->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto lambdaFArgument = LambdaG_->AddContextVar(*LambdaF_->output()).inner;
 
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto five = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 5 }).output(0);
 
    auto allocaResults = AllocaOperation::create(jlm::rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), one, 4);
    auto merge = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaResults[1], memoryStateArgument });
    AllocaNode_ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*allocaResults[0]);
 
    auto storeResults = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(allocaResults[0], five, { merge }, 4);
 
    auto & callF = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        lambdaFArgument,
        lambdaFType,
        { allocaResults[0], iOStateArgument, storeResults[0] });
 
    LambdaG_->finalize(outputs(&callF));
  }
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
std::unique_ptr<jlm::llvm::LlvmRvsdgModule>
VariadicFunctionTest2::SetupRvsdg()
{
  using namespace jlm::llvm;
 
  auto rvsdgModule = LlvmRvsdgModule::Create(jlm::util::FilePath(""), "", "");
  auto & rvsdg = rvsdgModule->Rvsdg();
 
  auto pointerType = PointerType::Create();
  auto structType = StructType::CreateIdentified(
      "struct.__va_list_tag",
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        PointerType::Create(),
        PointerType::Create() },
      false);
  auto arrayType = ArrayType::Create(structType, 1);
  auto iOStateType = IOStateType::Create();
  auto memoryStateType = MemoryStateType::Create();
  auto varArgType = VariableArgumentType::Create();
  auto lambdaLlvmLifetimeStartType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(64),
        PointerType::Create(),
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaLlvmLifetimeEndType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(64),
        PointerType::Create(),
        IOStateType::Create(),
        MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaVaStartType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaVaEndType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { PointerType::Create(), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaFstType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), varArgType, IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
  auto lambdaGType = rvsdg::FunctionType::Create(
      { IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() },
      { rvsdg::BitType::Create(32), IOStateType::Create(), MemoryStateType::Create() });
 
  auto llvmLifetimeStart = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaLlvmLifetimeStartType,
      "llvm.lifetime.start.p0",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  auto llvmLifetimeEnd = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaLlvmLifetimeEndType,
      "llvm.lifetime.end.p0",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  auto llvmVaStart = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaVaStartType,
      "llvm.va_start",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
  auto llvmVaEnd = &LlvmGraphImport::createFunctionImport(
      rvsdg,
      lambdaVaEndType,
      "llvm.va_end",
      Linkage::externalLinkage,
      llvm::CallingConvention::Default);
 
  // Setup function fst()
  {
    LambdaFst_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(lambdaFstType, "fst", Linkage::internalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = LambdaFst_->GetFunctionArguments()[2];
    auto memoryStateArgument = LambdaFst_->GetFunctionArguments()[3];
    auto llvmLifetimeStartArgument = LambdaFst_->AddContextVar(*llvmLifetimeStart).inner;
    auto llvmLifetimeEndArgument = LambdaFst_->AddContextVar(*llvmLifetimeEnd).inner;
    auto llvmVaStartArgument = LambdaFst_->AddContextVar(*llvmVaStart).inner;
    auto llvmVaEndArgument = LambdaFst_->AddContextVar(*llvmVaEnd).inner;
 
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaFst_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto twentyFour =
        IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaFst_->subregion(), { 64, 24 }).output(0);
    auto fortyOne =
        IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaFst_->subregion(), { 32, 41 }).output(0);
 
    auto allocaResults = AllocaOperation::create(arrayType, one, 16);
    auto memoryState = MemoryStateMergeOperation::Create(
        std::vector<jlm::rvsdg::Output *>{ allocaResults[1], memoryStateArgument });
    AllocaNode_ = rvsdg::TryGetOwnerNode<rvsdg::Node>(*allocaResults[0]);
 
    auto & callLLvmLifetimeStart = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        llvmLifetimeStartArgument,
        lambdaLlvmLifetimeStartType,
        { twentyFour, allocaResults[0], iOStateArgument, memoryState });
    auto & callVaStart = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        llvmVaStartArgument,
        lambdaVaStartType,
        { allocaResults[0],
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callLLvmLifetimeStart),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callLLvmLifetimeStart) });
 
    auto loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        allocaResults[0],
        { &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callVaStart) },
        rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        16);
    auto icmpResult = IntegerUltOperation::createNode(32, *loadResults[0], *fortyOne).output(0);
    auto matchResult = rvsdg::MatchOperation::Create(*icmpResult, { { 1, 1 } }, 0, 2);
 
    auto gammaNode = rvsdg::GammaNode::create(matchResult, 2);
    auto gammaVaAddress = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(allocaResults[0]);
    auto gammaLoadResult = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(loadResults[0]);
    auto gammaMemoryState = gammaNode->AddEntryVar(loadResults[1]);
 
    // gamma subregion 0
    auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(0), { 64, 0 }).output(0);
    auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(0), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
    auto eight = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(0), { 64, 8 }).output(0);
    auto gepResult1 =
        GetElementPtrOperation::create(gammaVaAddress.branchArgument[0], { zero, two }, structType);
    auto loadResultsGamma0 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        gepResult1,
        { gammaMemoryState.branchArgument[0] },
        pointerType,
        8);
    auto gepResult2 =
        GetElementPtrOperation::create(loadResultsGamma0[0], { eight }, rvsdg::BitType::Create(8));
    auto storeResultsGamma0 =
        StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(gepResult1, gepResult2, { loadResultsGamma0[1] }, 8);
 
    // gamma subregion 1
    zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(1), { 64, 0 }).output(0);
    auto eightBit32 =
        IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(1), { 32, 8 }).output(0);
    auto three = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*gammaNode->subregion(1), { 32, 3 }).output(0);
    gepResult1 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(
        gammaVaAddress.branchArgument[1],
        { zero, three },
        structType);
    auto loadResultsGamma1 = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        gepResult1,
        { gammaMemoryState.branchArgument[1] },
        pointerType,
        16);
    auto & zextResult = ZExtOperation::create(64, *gammaLoadResult.branchArgument[1]);
    gepResult2 = GetElementPtrOperation::create(
        loadResultsGamma1[0],
        { &zextResult },
        rvsdg::BitType::Create(8));
    auto addResult =
        IntegerAddOperation::createNode(32, *gammaLoadResult.branchArgument[1], *eightBit32)
            .output(0);
    auto storeResultsGamma1 = StoreNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        gammaVaAddress.branchArgument[1],
        addResult,
        { loadResultsGamma1[1] },
        16);
 
    auto gammaAddress = gammaNode->AddExitVar({ loadResultsGamma0[0], gepResult2 });
    auto gammaOutputMemoryState =
        gammaNode->AddExitVar({ storeResultsGamma0[0], storeResultsGamma1[0] });
 
    loadResults = LoadNonVolatileOperation::Create(
        gammaAddress.output,
        { gammaOutputMemoryState.output },
        rvsdg::BitType::Create(32),
        4);
    auto & callVaEnd = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        llvmVaEndArgument,
        lambdaVaEndType,
        { allocaResults[0], &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callVaStart), loadResults[1] });
    auto & callLLvmLifetimeEnd = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        llvmLifetimeEndArgument,
        lambdaLlvmLifetimeEndType,
        { twentyFour,
          allocaResults[0],
          &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callVaEnd),
          &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callVaEnd) });
 
    LambdaFst_->finalize({ loadResults[0],
                           &CallOperation::GetIOStateOutput(callLLvmLifetimeEnd),
                           &CallOperation::GetMemoryStateOutput(callLLvmLifetimeEnd) });
  }
 
  // Setup function g()
  {
    LambdaG_ = rvsdg::LambdaNode::Create(
        rvsdg.GetRootRegion(),
        llvm::LlvmLambdaOperation::Create(lambdaGType, "g", Linkage::externalLinkage));
    auto iOStateArgument = LambdaG_->GetFunctionArguments()[0];
    auto memoryStateArgument = LambdaG_->GetFunctionArguments()[1];
    auto lambdaFstArgument = LambdaG_->AddContextVar(*LambdaFst_->output()).inner;
 
    auto zero = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 0 }).output(0);
    auto one = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 1 }).output(0);
    auto two = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 2 }).output(0);
    auto three = IntegerConstantOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { 32, 3 }).output(0);
 
    auto vaListResult =
        VariadicArgumentListOperation::Create(*LambdaG_->subregion(), { zero, one, two });
 
    auto & callFst = CallOperation::CreateNode(
        lambdaFstArgument,
        lambdaFstType,
        { three, vaListResult, iOStateArgument, memoryStateArgument });
 
    LambdaG_->finalize(outputs(&callFst));
  }
 
  return rvsdgModule;
}
 
}